An Outline for Model Legislation
Prohibit giving, selling or distributing cigarettes or other tobacco products to any person under 21 years of age. Provide for signage relating to age 21 and control vending machine sales. (Note: signage and vending machine language is a minimum taken as example only from Ohio code.)
A) No manufacturer, producer, distributor, wholesaler, or retailer of cigarettes or other tobacco products, or any agent, employee, or representative of a manufacturer, producer, distributor, wholesaler, or retailer of cigarettes or other tobacco products shall do any of the following:
(1) Give, sell, or otherwise distribute cigarettes or other tobacco products to any person under
twenty-one
years of age;
(2) Give away, sell, or distribute cigarettes or other tobacco products in any place that does not have posted in a conspicuous place a sign stating that giving, selling, or otherwise distributing cigarettes or other tobacco products to a person under
twenty-one
years of age is prohibited by law.
(B) No person shall sell or offer to sell cigarettes or other tobacco products by or from a vending machine except in the following locations:
(1) An area either: (a) Within a factory, business, office, or other place not open to the general public; or b) To which persons under the age of
twenty-one
are not generally permitted access;
(2) In any other place not identified in division (B)(1) of this section, upon all of the following conditions:(a) The vending machine is located within the immediate vicinity, plain view, and control of the person who owns or operates the place, or an employee of such person, so that all cigarettes and other tobacco product purchases from the vending machine will be readily observed by the person who owns or operates the place or an employee of such person. For the purpose of this section, a vending machine located in any unmonitored area, including an unmonitored coatroom, restroom, hallway, or outer waiting area, shall not be considered located within the immediate vicinity, plain view, and control of the person who owns or operates the place, or an employee of such person. (b) The vending machine is inaccessible to the public when the place is closed.
"Grandfather" individuals who are 18 years of age on the effective date of the legislation.
Section _______ of the ________ code as amended by this act relating to the sale or distribution of cigarettes or other tobacco products applies only to those persons who were less than 18 years of age on the effective date of this legislation.
Not affect local municipal, county or regional governmental entities from regulating smoking or the sale of tobacco products. (Anti-preemption clause)
Nothing in this Act shall be construed as affecting the powers of counties, municipal corporations, a board of township trustees, health boards or _________ with regard to regulating smoking or the sale of tobacco products.
Amend penalty and enforcement sections of state code on illegal tobacco sales to incorporate age 21. This is state specific and varies widely.
Useful Web Resources
American Legacy Foundation
www.americanlegacy.org
Florida Tobacco Control Clearinghouse
www.ftcc.fsu.edu
Americans for Non-smokers Rights
www.no-smoke.org
Get Outraged (Massachussets media)
www.getoutraged.com
American Lung Association
www.lungusa.org/tobacco
SmokeFreeMovies
http://staging3.stoneground.com/smokefreemovies
Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids
www.tobaccofreekids.org
Surgeon Generals Reports
www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgrpage.htm
CDC Office on Smoking & Health
www.cdc.gov/tobacco/index.htm
Tobacco to 21
www.tobacco21.org
Doctors Oughta Care (DOC)
www.bcm.tmc.edu/doc/
Truth Campaign
www.thetruth.com
References
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2. Centers for Disease Control, Annual Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Years of Potential Life Lost, and Economic Costs - United States, 1995-1999, Atlanta, GA 2002 See also http://www.cdc/gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5114.pdf.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Tobacco Smoke. Indoor Air Facts No. 5, Office of Air and Radiation. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA, June 1989.
4. Growing Up Tobacco Free: Preventing Nicotine Addiction In Children and Youths, Barbara S. Lynch and Richard J. Bonnie, eds., Committee on Preventing Nicotine Addiction in Children and Youths (1994).
5. Tengs TO, Osgood ND, The link between smoking and impotence: two decades of evidence. Prev Med. 2001 Jun;32(6):447-52, and http://www.ada.org/public/media/newsrel/9911/nr-01.html
6. Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: A Clinical Practice Guideline, U.S. Public Health Service, June, 2000.
7. King, Charles III and Siegel, Michael, The Master Settlement Agreement with the Tobacco Industry and Cigarette Advertising in Magazines, The New England Journal of Medicine, August 16, 2001.
8. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, HHS, Summary Findings from the 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 2000.
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11. Glantz S. Preventing tobacco use: The youth access trap. Am J Public Health 1966;86:156-158.
12. O'Malley P, Wagenaar AC. Effects of minimum drinking age on alcohol use, related behaviors and traffic crash involvement among American youth 1976-1987. J Stud Alcohol. 1991;52:478-491
13. Johnson LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG. Trends in use of various drugs, Data Tables. Monitoring the Future, National Survey High School Students, MonitoringtheFuture.org/data/01data.html#2001data-drugs
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16. Tel Opinion Research, LLC. Buffalo, NY. 7/23/97 and The Ohio Poll, Institute for Policy Research, University of Cincinnati, 6/21/98.
17. Florida Youth Tobacco Survey; 2000. Available at: http://www9.myflorida.com/Disease_ctrl/epi/FYTS/index.htm. Accessibility verified February 5, 2002.
18. California Department of Health Services, Tobacco Control Section. 30 day smoking prevalence among California youth using a telephone survey 1994-1999. Available at: http://www.dhs.cahwnet.gov/ps/cdic/ccb/TCS/documents/youthrates.pdf Accessibility verified February 5, 2002.
19. Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Study, May 2000 and King, Charles III and Siegel, Michael, The Master Settlement Agreement with the Tobacco Industry and Cigarette Advertising in Magazines, The New England Journal of Medicine, August 16, 2001.
20. U.S. Surgeon General's Report, Reducing Tobacco Use (2000)
21. U.S. Surgeon General's Report: Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking (1986)
22. U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. State Synar non-compliance rate table, FFY 97 - FFY 2001. States' median FFY 2001. Available at: http://www.samhsa.gov/centers/csap/csap.html.
23. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Children and Tobacco, ComplianceChecker, National Report. Available at: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/oc/cftobacco/nationalreport.cfm.
24. Jason LA, Billows WD, Schnopp-Wyatt DL, King C. Long-term findings from Woodridge in reducing illegal cigarette sales to older minors. Eval Health Prof 1996;19(1):3-13.
25. Forster JL, Murray DM, Wolfson M, Blaine TM, Wagenaar AC, Hennrikus DJ. The effects of community policies to reduce youth access to tobacco. Am J Public Health. 1998: 88;1193-1198.
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